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If a pilot deviates from an ATC instruction during an emergency, what action is typically required?

  1. Notify passengers of the deviation

  2. Submit a report if requested within 48 hours

  3. File a report every time

  4. Do nothing if safe

The correct answer is: Submit a report if requested within 48 hours

In the context of aviation regulations and protocols, if a pilot deviates from an air traffic control (ATC) instruction due to an emergency situation, the pilot is typically required to submit a report if requested within 48 hours. This is in line with the guidelines established by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and ensures that there is a documented account of the incident for safety oversight and operational review. Submitting a report helps to provide valuable information regarding the circumstances leading to the emergency and the actions taken by the pilot. This is crucial for the continuous improvement of safety practices within aviation and allows for necessary reviews or training adjustments to be made if needed. The other options do not align with the standard protocol. For example, while notifying passengers may be a good practice, it is not a regulatory requirement following an emergency deviation. Filing a report every time is not necessary unless specifically requested, and doing nothing if safe does not fulfill the accountability aspect required by aviation authorities in emergency scenarios. Therefore, submitting a report upon request is critical for maintaining safety and operational integrity in aviation.