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What hazardous atmospheric phenomenon might occur when landing near thunderstorms?

  1. Microburst activity

  2. Fog formation

  3. Wind shear turbulence

  4. Dust devils

The correct answer is: Wind shear turbulence

When landing near thunderstorms, the most significant hazardous atmospheric phenomenon to be aware of is wind shear turbulence. Wind shear refers to a rapid change in wind speed or direction over a short distance and can be particularly dangerous during landing or takeoff. Thunderstorms can create severe horizontal and vertical wind changes as downdrafts, updrafts, and outflows interact with the surrounding environment. In the context of landing near thunderstorms, wind shear turbulence can lead to sudden loss of lift, difficulty maintaining control, and unexpected changes in airspeed. This makes awareness and training regarding wind shear essential for pilots. While microburst activity is indeed dangerous and can cause similar issues, it is a specific type of wind shear that occurs due to the rapid downdraft of air from the storm, which is a part of the broader category of wind shear turbulence. Fog formation and dust devils do not pose the same immediate and severe risks associated with the dynamic wind changes seen in thunderstorms.