Private Pilot Private Exam

When departing behind a heavy aircraft, how should the pilot maneuver their aircraft to avoid wake turbulence?

1. Below and upwind from the heavy aircraft

2. Above and downwind from the heavy aircraft

3. Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft

4. At the same altitude and same direction

The correct answer is: Above and upwind from the heavy aircraft

When departing behind a heavy aircraft, it is crucial for a pilot to understand the implications of wake turbulence, which occurs as a result of the airflow created by large aircraft. The correct approach is to maneuver above and upwind from the heavy aircraft. Positioning above the heavy aircraft allows the pilot to avoid the turbulent air that sinks downwards under its wake. By also ensuring that the aircraft is maneuvered upwind, the pilot increases the distance from the areas of potential turbulence that can drift downwind from the heavy aircraft, helping to ensure a safe separation from wake vortices. This strategy reduces the risk of ingesting wake turbulence, which can pose serious control issues for smaller aircraft, especially during departure when performance margins are critical. The understanding of relative wind and flight path is essential in recognizing how to effectively create separation in the airflow behind a heavier aircraft.